Causes of Musculoskeletal Pain Across Organ Systems
1. Muscular Causes
- Muscle strain or overuse.
- Myofascial pain syndrome.
- Fibromyalgia.
2. Skeletal Causes
- Fractures, dislocations.
- Osteoporosis-related fractures.
- Bone infections (osteomyelitis).
3. Joint-Related Causes
- Arthritis: Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis.
- Gout or pseudogout.
- Septic arthritis.
- Ankylosing spondylitis.
4. Neurological Causes
- Radiculopathy: Nerve root compression (e.g., sciatica).
- Peripheral neuropathy.
- Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS).
5. Infectious Causes
- Viral myositis.
- Lyme disease.
- Tuberculosis affecting bones or joints.
6. Endocrine and Metabolic Causes
- Vitamin D deficiency (osteomalacia).
- Hyperparathyroidism: Bone pain from calcium dysregulation.
- Hypothyroidism: Muscle cramps and stiffness.
7. Autoimmune Causes
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
- Polymyalgia rheumatica.
- Dermatomyositis or polymyositis.
8. Cancer-Related Causes
- Bone metastases.
- Primary bone tumors (e.g., osteosarcoma).
- Multiple myeloma.
9. Medication or Toxin-Induced Causes
- Statins causing myopathy.
- Bisphosphonates causing atypical fractures.
- Alcohol or drug-induced myopathy.
10. Miscellaneous/Systemic Causes
- Chronic fatigue syndrome.
- Post-viral syndrome.
- Psychogenic pain disorders.